The famous painting by Pablo Picasso was introduced in the Paris international exhibition. Guernica was painted by the artist on May-June, 1937. Its title makes reference to the shelling of the German aviation on the Basque town of Guernica, on April 26th, 1937. It was the first mass bombing aimed at destroying a city.

The horror caused by the incursion inspired the author to create Guernica, one of his masterworks. As a result of the global repercussion of the shelling, together with advertising, the massacre was made known to the entire world and considered an antiwar icon.

Picasso gave expression to his work between Cubism and Expressionism. The painting contains components of great symbolic wealth in gray nuances, full of drama. Although controversial, its artistic value is undisputable.

Upon the artist's request, the work did not return to Spain until the end of Francisco Franco's dictatorship. It was exhibited at the New York MoMA. Nowadays, the public can admire it at the Reina Sofía Madrid Museum.

On March 13th, 1937, the expulsion from Venezuela of several citizens was ordered "for embracing the communist doctrine and being harmful to the country." A group of 46 people had to leave its country of origin. Rómulo Betancourt, Gonzalo Barrios, Raúl Leoni and Miguel Otero Silva were top in the list.

On June 3rd, Edward VIII, the King of England and Emperor of India married US Wallis Simpson. Earlier, on December 11th, 1936, he announced his decision to abdicate for the sake of his love affair. According to the newspaper reports at that time, the Duke expressed his willingness to "enjoy a private, quiet and useful life." He married in France, at the Candé Castle, near Tours, in a ceremony witnessed by some close friends.

Later on, on August 4th, 1937, General Eleazar López Contreras created the National Guard. Multiple conflicts faced by the head of state since his inauguration made him create a corps similar to the Spanish Civil Guard, in order to enforce law and order, safeguard borders, and ensure national peace.

Following the execution of an agreement with the Spanish government, the head of state ordered the creation of the National Security Service School, headquartered in Villa Zoila, the former residence of ex President Cipriano Castro. A total of 136 students were given for a year special training by Spanish coaches. The following year, in August, the President issued a decree to legalize the new military organization.