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1923

The Ku Klux Klan is back in fashion

As the Ku Klux Klan’s lynching and terror acts were more and more frequent in the United States, Venezuela was moved by the assassination at Miraflores presidential palace of Venezuela’s Vice-President Juan Crisóstomo Gómez, President Juan Vicente Gómez’s brother. Mexican-Venezuelan relations cooled. The Venezuelan economy started to recover following the 1920 crisis

The Klan -with some four million members in the United States- in 1923 heightened racist, anti-Jewish, anti-communist and anti-immigrant actions (Photo: AP)

After eight years of a second breath of fresh air, the Ku Klux Klan -recreated in 1915 after a first surge and fall- peaked in the 1920's in the United States. The organization recruited approximately 15 percent of the population, that is, four million people. In 1923, a women's branch was established, thus enlarging the clout and number of the racist, anti-Jewish, anti-communist and anti-immigrant movement. In 1920-1940, the activities of the so-called Black Legion were disclosed. The Black Legion was an additional organization of the Ku Klux Klan that wore black uniforms instead of white robes and killed communists and socialists.

The Ku Klux Klan was popular again in 1915 following the premier of The Birth of a Nation, a film which extolled the first Klan which emerged after the US Civil War of 1865-1871.

The killing of black soldiers coming from World War II, as well as lynching, chase of teachers to prevent education of the majority, and harassment of civil rights advocates were the Ku Klux Klan usual practice. In 1924, the organization grew in political importance as it attracted some government officials. Tennessee, Indiana, Oklahoma and Oregon, in addition to some legislatures in the southern states, were under the Klan's control. Edward Jackson, a Republican and member of the Klan, was elected Indiana governor in 1924, and members of the Klan entered the whole government. Further, the Klan nearly imposed one of its members, William MacAddo, as candidate running for President at the Democratic Party Convention held in 1924.

Juancho Gómez is killed
The Gomez's administration unleashed one of its biggest hunts after the assassination on June 30th of Venezuela's Vice-President and brother of General Juan Vicente Gómez, Juan Crisóstomo, "Juancho" Gómez. A strong hypothesis was formed, according to which the killer, who was never identified, was presumably linked with the family, as there was a great deal of rivalry among relatives.

Mexican-Venezuelan relations got strained and were broken because Mexico provided aid to dissenters of the Gómez's government. In Mexico, Pancho Villa was murdered. The hero of the Mexican Revolution toppled in 1910 Porfirio Díaz's government. Villa and two aides were taken by surprise near his Chichuahua's rancho.

Fantoches, a literary "humorist and for general purposes" magazine, appeared for the first time under the management of caricaturist Leoncio Martínez, a contributor with El Universal. The country started to yield numbers in the black, which showed an improved economy that had been declining since 1920.

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Aniversary Edition / 100 years in the news

Portada
Libro 100 años
We are giving our readers a sample of the work “100 Years, 100 Pages,” to be available soon. On your left hand side, you will find a page of El Universal featuring what we consider the news of the year. The opposite page is a collage of reports and advertising that show significant events occurring that year.

Multimedia

Leo

100th Anniversary. Regarded as one of the best graphic humorists in Venezuela in the 20th Century(...)
Click here to view his cartoons

Leo

100th Anniversary Regarded as one of the best graphic humorists in Venezuela in the 20th Century(...)
Click here to view his cartoons

FLAX

100th Anniversary During the postwar years, El Universal gave room to the vignettes of multiple foreign cartoonists, mainly those of renowned Argentinean caricaturist (...)

YEPES

100th Anniversary Iginio Yepes found an ideal niche in the pages of El Universal, to overtly criticize the political and economic (...)

PARDO

100th Anniversary Since the mid seventies and for more than two decades, Joaquín Pardo delighted El Universal readers with his funny drawings (...)

RAYMA

100th Anniversary Called to and convinced of becoming a caricaturist, Rayma Suprani has accompanied El Universal during the last decade. Her keenness, ingenuity (...)

Beach resort Los Caracas

100th Anniversary A resort at the foot of the hill

Caracas at quieter times

100th Anniversary Shopping in the street market

City Memories

100th Anniversary A standard picture of the 19th Century in the 20th Century. This is neither Pacheco nor anyone else, but a peasant on his way to the market

El Silencio Housing Development

100th Anniversary The birth of the new Caracas, the modern city, is tied to the building of the Bloques de El Silencio, a vision of Venezuelan architect Carlos Raúl Villanueva

    


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