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1994

Banco Latino crumbled, unleashing the banking crisis

Rafael Caldera took office for the second time in the midst of a real political, social and economic turmoil. Foiled coup attempts in 1992, together with an unstable government under President Carlos Andrés Pérez, paved the way for transition times that turned out to be standing emergency. By then, the head of state pardoned Hugo Chávez and all the military officers involved in the revolts

The intervention behind closed doors of Banco Latino spread panic among account holders and unleashed a sweeping financial crisis that marked this and upcoming periods File Photo: Andrés Mata Foundation / José Cohen

Since late 1993, the economic good standing of Banco Latino, one of the major entities in the banking sector, with an extensive network of branch offices and high profile among account holders, was the target of widespread rumors.

The bank was subject to nonstop withdrawals of placements and closings of accounts. This caused its intervention and started a serious financial crisis that signaled Rafael Caldera's second term in office.

A Higher Superintendence Council was created. It was crewed by Ruth de Krivoy, the president of the Central Bank of Venezuela (BCV); Carlos Rafael Silva, the Treasury Minister; Roger Urbina, the Banks Superintendent, and Esperanza Martinó, the chair of the Deposit Guarantee and Bank Protection Fund (Fogade). People paid careful attention to the talks held at the BCV. After long discussions in search of an alternative, they made a decision to intervene the second largest bank in Venezuela. The Board of Directors was dissolved and a supervising board was named.

Account holders panicked. Thousand people took the streets and rallied on a daily basis in front of the bank's head offices, trying to recover their savings. Experts regarded the state move in form of intervention behind closed doors as one of the fundamental causes, together with the feeble conditions of other banks, of additional bank runs. A strong systemic crisis during the subsequent months finally resulted in further intervention and the eventual winding-up of most of the domestic banking.

Reopening of the Banco Latino failed to prevent the earthquake that marked the domestic economic performance the following years. At the end, the bank could not stay afloat.

The government of President Rafael Caldera, who had criticized many of the decisions made under President Carlos Andrés Pérez, could not remove some measures, such as the VAT. However, it tried to lessen the tax impact by exempting retailers, amidst protests and appeals to civil disobedience.

Further, in Rwanda, clashes among the Tutsi ethnic group in office and the Hutus, most of them farmers, were more and more severe. Land shortage and a broken country, among others, caused a bloodshed perpetrated by the Hutu forces, called Hunt the Tutsis. The history recorded over 800,000 deaths.

In a spectacular chasing elsewhere, the police captured in Los Angeles US actor and soccer star O.J. Simpsom. He was accused of stabbing his wife, Nicole Brown, found dead beside Ronald Goldman.

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Aniversary Edition / 100 years in the news

Portada
Libro 100 años
We are giving our readers a sample of the work “100 Years, 100 Pages,” to be available soon. On your left hand side, you will find a page of El Universal featuring what we consider the news of the year. The opposite page is a collage of reports and advertising that show significant events occurring that year.

Multimedia

Leo

100th Anniversary. Regarded as one of the best graphic humorists in Venezuela in the 20th Century(...)
Click here to view his cartoons

Leo

100th Anniversary Regarded as one of the best graphic humorists in Venezuela in the 20th Century(...)
Click here to view his cartoons

FLAX

100th Anniversary During the postwar years, El Universal gave room to the vignettes of multiple foreign cartoonists, mainly those of renowned Argentinean caricaturist (...)

YEPES

100th Anniversary Iginio Yepes found an ideal niche in the pages of El Universal, to overtly criticize the political and economic (...)

PARDO

100th Anniversary Since the mid seventies and for more than two decades, Joaquín Pardo delighted El Universal readers with his funny drawings (...)

RAYMA

100th Anniversary Called to and convinced of becoming a caricaturist, Rayma Suprani has accompanied El Universal during the last decade. Her keenness, ingenuity (...)

Beach resort Los Caracas

100th Anniversary A resort at the foot of the hill

Caracas at quieter times

100th Anniversary Shopping in the street market

City Memories

100th Anniversary A standard picture of the 19th Century in the 20th Century. This is neither Pacheco nor anyone else, but a peasant on his way to the market

El Silencio Housing Development

100th Anniversary The birth of the new Caracas, the modern city, is tied to the building of the Bloques de El Silencio, a vision of Venezuelan architect Carlos Raúl Villanueva

    


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The stories we will tell
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  2. From the newspaper to multiple platforms
  3. The state in the stage of transition
  4. The Earth needs some love
  5. Genetically customized medicine
  6. The century of births a la carte
  1. Oil, always oil
  2. Hypertechnological and identity war
  3. The major challenge is to defeat poverty
  4. Multipolar World and on trial
  5. Sports come to cyberspace
  6. The values of the future society
  7. Is our future already here?